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Artillery games are early two or three-player (usually turn-based) video games involving tanks fighting each other in combat or similar. Artillery games are among the earliest computer games developed; the theme of such games is an extension of the original uses of computer themselves, which were once used to calculate the trajectories of rockets and other related military-based calculations. Artillery games have been described as a type of "shooting game", though they are more often classified as a type of strategy video game. Early precursors to the modern artillery-type games were text-only games that simulated artillery entirely with input data values. A BASIC game known simply as ''Artillery'' was written by Mike Forman and was published in ''Creative Computing'' magazine in 1976.〔 This seminal home computer version of the game was revised in 1977 by M. E. Lyon and Brian West and was known as ''War 3''; ''War 3'' was revised further in 1979 and published as ''Artillery-3''.〔(More BASIC Computer Games: Artillery-3 )〕 These early versions of turn-based tank combat games interpreted human-entered data such as the distance between the tanks, the velocity or "power" of the shot fired and the angle of the tanks' turrets. ==The emergence of graphical artillery== The Tektronix 4051 BASIC language desktop computer of the mid-1970s had a demo program called ''Artillery'' which used a storage-CRT for graphics. A similar program appeared on the HP 2647 graphics terminal demo tape in the late 1970s. An early graphical version of the artillery game for personal computers emerged on the Apple II computer platform in 1980.〔"Artillery - AppleSoft BASIC version adapted by B. Goodson", 1980, source code〕 Written in Applesoft BASIC,〔 this variant, also called ''Artillery'', built upon the earlier concepts of the artillery games published in ''Creative Computing'' but allowed the players to actually see a simple graphical representation of the tanks, battlefield, and terrain. The Apple II variant also took wind speed into account when calculating the eventual result of the fired shot. Lines on the screen showed the players the paths that previous shots had taken toward their target, allowing players to use visual data when considering future strategy. Similar games were made for home computers such as the Commodore PET by 1981.〔 In 1983, Amoeba Software published a game called Tank Trax, which was very soon picked up and re-released by the early Mastertronic Games Company. This was again the classic version of the Artillery Game, however you could change the height of the hill in between the players to either a mountain or a foothill (However this sometimes made no difference in the actual gameplay as some foothills were as high as mountains and some mountains were low enough to be considered foothills). The players also had the default names of General Patton and Monty. Video game console variants of the artillery game soon emerged after the first graphical home computer versions. A two-player game called ''Smithereens!'' was released in 1982 for the Magnavox Odyssey² console in which two catapults, each behind a castle fortress wall, launched rocks at each other. Although not turn-based, the game made use of the console's speech synthesis to emit sarcastic insults when one player fired at the other. The first widespread artillery-based video game was ''Artillery Duel''. ''Artillery Duel'' was released in 1983 for the Atari 2600 and ColecoVision video game consoles as well as the Commodore 64 and VIC-20 home computer platforms. The game featured more elaborate background and terrain graphics as well as a simple graphical readout of wind speed and amount of munitions.〔 Around 1984 a game called Siege also appeared by publisher Melbourne House, this was released on many old computer systems such as the Commodore 16 (''the game was bundled with C16's on a compilation tape along with Zapp, Hangman and many other games''), VIC20 and several other comparable machines of that era, some variants for some reason were misspelled as instead of Siege. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Artillery game」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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